Nursing care in combating and preventing the risks of hospital infection

The aim of this study was to understand the factors predisposing to the development of hospital infections, as well as to explain the risks of contracting hospital infections to which patients and professionals are exposed in hospitals. The study was conducted through a narrative review research, with the collection of data in books, official publications of the health area and, mainly, published articles. Through this study it was possible to conclude that there are numerous biological risks to which nurses, other health professionals and patients are exposed, which predisposes them to the development of hospital infections. Therefore, it is necessary that nurses receive instructions and training on the biological risks to which they are exposed, as well as on the need for the use of personal protective equipment and other precautionary measures. Here is the warning about the importance of adopting biosecurity measures to avoid exposure to these risks

Importance of Early Recognition of Arterial Hypertension in Children and Adolescents: The Nursing Function in Ambulatory Monitoring

Arterial hypertension is considered an epidemic, remaining as the main cause of death and global disability. As high blood pressure in childhood is highly predictive of high blood pressure in adulthood, there has been a growing interest in the early recognition of this condition in the pediatric population, through outpatient screening in children over three years of age. Objective: to emphasize the importance of routine monitoring of blood pressure measurement in children and adolescents in childcare consultations. Methodology: This is a literature review of published articles, searched through the PubMed, Virtual Health Library and Google Scholar databases. Results: 12 scientific articles were selected as the data source for the present study, seven in English and five in Portuguese. Conclusion: the measurement of blood pressure in all consultations with children is important. If the disease is identified, treatment must be instituted, which will vary between non-pharmacological and pharmacological therapies, which should be introduced for all pediatric patients with blood pressure values above the acceptable percentile for age. In this sense, it is pertinent that nurses acquire and develop skills that make it possible to implement strategies for the prevention of hypertension, as well as the early identification of children and adolescents at risk of arterial hypertension

Alvarado’s Criteria for Diagnosis of Children’s Acute Apendicitis

Acute abdomen in children is a condition that causes great distress to parents, and appendicitis is its most common cause, being more frequent at school age. This pathology is the cause of numerous visits to public and private hospitals around the world, and brings several complications. It is important that the health team is aware of the possibility of appendicitis in children, due to its high incidence and difficulty in establishing its diagnosis, because the symptoms are nonspecific and there are different clinical presentations. Objective: to explain the importance of the Alvarado criterion for the diagnosis of acute childhood appendicitis. Methodology: This is an integrative bibliographic review, in articles published in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library and Google Scholar databases. For the search for data, the descriptors “Acute abdomen”, “Appendicitis”, “Children” and the keyword “Alvarado score” were used. Data were collected in December 2020. Results: 16 articles were selected as the final sample for analysis of the review, six in English, nine in Portuguese and one in Spanish. Conclusion: Through this review it can be concluded that the use of the Alvarado Score for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children is useful and effective, avoiding the use of imaging tests in patients with a score above 7 on this scale

Main Electroclinic Syndromes of The Infant: A Literature Review

An electroclinic syndrome (also known as epileptic syndrome) consists of a set of characteristics that associate with seizures, characteristics of electroencephalography and imaging that tend to occur together. Among them is a group that affects infants, usually having a genetic etiology. Objective: to carry out a literature review on the most common types of infant electroclinical syndromes, describing their main characteristics. Methodology: This is a narrative review of the literature of articles published between 2005 and 2020, in Portuguese and English. The research was carried out in December 2020. The following descriptors were used to search for the articles: Electroclinical syndromes. Epilepsy. Infant. Results: Through the research carried out, 12 scientific articles were selected, nine of them in English and three in Portuguese. Conclusion: The study identified 7 common electroclinical syndromes in infants and made it possible to conclude that knowledge of the clinical profile, types of crises and characteristics of the electroencephalography of the disease phenotype associated with the specific mutation can help improve the accuracy and management of the diagnosis of electroclinical syndromes

ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO EM AUDITORIA NO ÂMBITO DO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE

Objective: analyze scientific productions and verify their contributions with a thematic approach on nursing professionals working in auditing within the scope of the Unified Health System (SUS). Methods: This is an integrative review based on Scielo, CAPES and LILACS databases. Research published in Brazil and in Portuguese was used. Results: 15 studies were found, but only three were selected that reported the activities of nurses working in the SUS audit. Conclusion: productions related to the role of nurses in auditing the scope of the SUS are scarce. In this way, it is understood that the verification of productions as something necessary to measure how much a theme is addressed in the scientific theoretical environment, demonstrating the need to carry out more research to help researchers and health professionals to better understand the role and practical meaning of nurses in the SUS audit.Objetivo: analizar las producciones científicas y verificar sus aportes con un enfoque temático sobre los profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en auditoría dentro del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora de las bases de datos de Scielo, CAPES y LILACS. Se utilizaron investigaciones publicadas en Brasil y portugués. Resultados: sólo se encontraron 15 estudios, pero sólo se seleccionaron tres que informaron las actividades de las enfermeras que trabajaban en la auditoría del SUS. Conclusión: las producciones relacionadas con el desempeño de las enfermeras en la auditoría del alcance del SUS son escasas. Por lo tanto, se entiende que la verificación de las producciones como algo necesario para medir cuánto se aborda un tema en el entorno teórico científico, lo que demuestra la necesidad de una mayor investigación para ayudar a los investigadores y profesionales de la salud a comprender mejor el papel y el significado práctico de las enfermeras y enfermeras en la auditoría del SUS.Objetivo: analisar produções científicas e verificar suas contribuições com abordagem temática sobre os profissionais enfermeiros atuantes em auditoria no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa a partir das bases de dados da Scielo, CAPES e LILACS. Foram utilizadas pesquisas publicadas no Brasil e em Língua Portuguesa. Resultados: foram encontrados 15 estudos, mas selecionados apenas três que relatavam as atividades de enfermeiros(as) atuantes na auditoria do SUS. Conclusão: as produções relacionadas à atuação de enfermeiros(as) na auditoria do âmbito do SUS, são escassas. Dessa maneira, entende-se que a verificação de produções como algo necessário para que se mensure o quanto uma temática é abordada no meio teórico científico, demonstrando a necessidade da elaboração de mais pesquisas que ajudem os pesquisadores e profissionais da área da saúde a compreender melhor o papel e o significado prático de enfermeiros e enfermeiras na auditoria do SUS.Objetivo: analisar produções científicas e verificar suas contribuições com abordagem temática sobre os profissionais enfermeiros atuantes em auditoria no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa a partir das bases de dados da Scielo, CAPES e LILACS. Foram utilizadas pesquisas publicadas no Brasil e em Língua Portuguesa. Resultados: foram encontrados 15 estudos, mas selecionados apenas três que relatavam as atividades de enfermeiros(as) atuantes na auditoria do SUS. Conclusão: as produções relacionadas à atuação de enfermeiros(as) na auditoria do âmbito do SUS, são escassas. Dessa maneira, entende-se que a verificação de produções como algo necessário para que se mensure o quanto uma temática é abordada no meio teórico científico, demonstrando a necessidade da elaboração de mais pesquisas que ajudem os pesquisadores e profissionais da área da saúde a compreender melhor o papel e o significado prático de enfermeiros e enfermeiras na auditoria do SUS

ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO EM AUDITORIA NO ÂMBITO DO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE

Objective: analyze scientific productions and verify their contributions with a thematic approach on nursing professionals working in auditing within the scope of the Unified Health System (SUS). Methods: This is an integrative review based on Scielo, CAPES and LILACS databases. Research published in Brazil and in Portuguese was used. Results: 15 studies were found, but only three were selected that reported the activities of nurses working in the SUS audit. Conclusion: productions related to the role of nurses in auditing the scope of the SUS are scarce. In this way, it is understood that the verification of productions as something necessary to measure how much a theme is addressed in the scientific theoretical environment, demonstrating the need to carry out more research to help researchers and health professionals to better understand the role and practical meaning of nurses in the SUS audit.Objetivo: analizar las producciones científicas y verificar sus aportes con un enfoque temático sobre los profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en auditoría dentro del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora de las bases de datos de Scielo, CAPES y LILACS. Se utilizaron investigaciones publicadas en Brasil y portugués. Resultados: sólo se encontraron 15 estudios, pero sólo se seleccionaron tres que informaron las actividades de las enfermeras que trabajaban en la auditoría del SUS. Conclusión: las producciones relacionadas con el desempeño de las enfermeras en la auditoría del alcance del SUS son escasas. Por lo tanto, se entiende que la verificación de las producciones como algo necesario para medir cuánto se aborda un tema en el entorno teórico científico, lo que demuestra la necesidad de una mayor investigación para ayudar a los investigadores y profesionales de la salud a comprender mejor el papel y el significado práctico de las enfermeras y enfermeras en la auditoría del SUS.Objetivo: analisar produções científicas e verificar suas contribuições com abordagem temática sobre os profissionais enfermeiros atuantes em auditoria no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa a partir das bases de dados da Scielo, CAPES e LILACS. Foram utilizadas pesquisas publicadas no Brasil e em Língua Portuguesa. Resultados: foram encontrados 15 estudos, mas selecionados apenas três que relatavam as atividades de enfermeiros(as) atuantes na auditoria do SUS. Conclusão: as produções relacionadas à atuação de enfermeiros(as) na auditoria do âmbito do SUS, são escassas. Dessa maneira, entende-se que a verificação de produções como algo necessário para que se mensure o quanto uma temática é abordada no meio teórico científico, demonstrando a necessidade da elaboração de mais pesquisas que ajudem os pesquisadores e profissionais da área da saúde a compreender melhor o papel e o significado prático de enfermeiros e enfermeiras na auditoria do SUS.Objetivo: analisar produções científicas e verificar suas contribuições com abordagem temática sobre os profissionais enfermeiros atuantes em auditoria no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa a partir das bases de dados da Scielo, CAPES e LILACS. Foram utilizadas pesquisas publicadas no Brasil e em Língua Portuguesa. Resultados: foram encontrados 15 estudos, mas selecionados apenas três que relatavam as atividades de enfermeiros(as) atuantes na auditoria do SUS. Conclusão: as produções relacionadas à atuação de enfermeiros(as) na auditoria do âmbito do SUS, são escassas. Dessa maneira, entende-se que a verificação de produções como algo necessário para que se mensure o quanto uma temática é abordada no meio teórico científico, demonstrando a necessidade da elaboração de mais pesquisas que ajudem os pesquisadores e profissionais da área da saúde a compreender melhor o papel e o significado prático de enfermeiros e enfermeiras na auditoria do SUS

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora